En enero de 2025, la economía de EE. UU. mostró señales mixtas, evidenciando tanto fortaleza como nuevos desafíos en múltiples sectores.
Trends in Business Activity and Employment
Business Activity and Employment Trends
Confianza y Gasto del Consumidor
Consumer Confidence and Spending
Monetary Policy and Inflation Expectations
Las expectativas de inflación entre los consumidores han aumentado notablemente. La encuesta de sentimiento del consumidor de la Universidad de Michigan mostró que la inflación anticipada para el próximo año ascendió a 3.3% en enero, frente al 2.8% en diciembre, alcanzando el nivel más alto desde mayo. Las expectativas de inflación a largo plazo también subieron a 3.3%, el más elevado desde junio de 2008. Estas expectativas crecientes podrían influir en la inflación real, ya que las empresas podrían sentirse más justificadas en aumentar los precios. En respuesta a estos desarrollos, se espera que la Reserva Federal mantenga la tasa de fondos federales dentro del rango objetivo de 4.25% a 4.50% en su próxima reunión, adoptando un enfoque cauteloso en su política monetaria en medio de preocupaciones persistentes sobre la inflación.
Inflation expectations among consumers have risen notably. The University of Michigan’s consumer sentiment survey indicated that anticipated inflation for the next year increased to 3.3% in January, up from 2.8% in December, marking the highest level since May. Long-term inflation expectations also climbed to 3.3%, the highest since June 2008. These heightened expectations could influence actual inflation, as businesses may feel more justified in raising prices. In response to these developments, the Federal Reserve is expected to maintain the federal funds rate within the target range of 4.25% to 4.50% in its upcoming meeting, adopting a cautious approach to monetary policy amid persistent inflation concerns.
Labor Market Dynamics
The labor market remains robust, with initial claims for unemployment benefits rising slightly by 6,000 to 223,000 for the week ending January 18, 2025. This marginal increase suggests that layoffs remain low, even as job opportunities become scarcer due to employer caution in expanding headcounts. The resilience of the labor market supports the Federal Reserve’s decision to pause further interest rate cuts as it assesses the necessary duration of tight monetary policy to achieve a neutral rate of interest.
Financial Markets and Investor Sentiment
Financial markets have exhibited volatility in response to mixed economic data and corporate earnings reports. Major indexes closed lower, with the technology sector leading the downturn. Strong housing market data contrasted with a slowdown in business activity, while consumer sentiment declined. Investors are closely monitoring these indicators ahead of key economic releases and the Federal Reserve’s policy decisions. The prospect of potential inflation stemming from proposed tariffs has also contributed to market uncertainty.